Câu 5: Dưới đây là abstract của 5 bài báo khoa học. Chọn một abstract mà anh/chị quan tâm để đọc kỹ và trả lời các câu hỏi bên dưới và câu hỏi tiếp theo (câu số 6):
(Anh/chị nên copy abstract đã chọn ra ghi chú riêng để thuận tiện cho việc trả lời các câu hỏi tiếp theo mà không ảnh hưởng đến tiến trình làm bài)
- AB1: Employers provide their interpretation of the meaning of communication skills in this qualitative study of 22 managers. Employers understand written communication to be types of documents, a way to write, and a mode of communication. Oral communication skills mean a style of interacting, presenting, and conducting meetings. Visual communication skills were understood to be data visualization or nonverbal communication. Electronic communication was interpreted as email. The findings contribute to closing-the-gap research by highlighting areas where meaning converges for employers and instructors. Faculty members in communication disciplines can incorporate these findings into their course design and learning outcome discussions. (Coffelt et al., 2019)
- AB2: Students in rural and urban areas in Tanzania, and elsewhere in Africa, continue to have limited or lack access to culturally and employment-relevant science education. The current case study, a 2007–2009 examination of barriers to the reform movement of science education in Tanzania, uses data from interviews, classroom observations, document analysis, and a survey questionnaire. Areas of interest included overcrowding, lack of textbooks, a general low or inadequate access to education, irrelevant curricula, poor learning outcomes, and weak links to general employment options. The study discusses these barriers and their influence in thwarting implementation of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education in Tanzania. The totality of data constitutes a case study that results in proposing an instructional model called iSPACES (which stands for Innovation, Science, Practicals, Application, Conceptualization, Entrepreneurship and Systems), that encompasses core principles of science, systems thinking, and entrepreneurship. (Semali & Mehta, 2012)
- AB3: In the services marketing literature, the focus has largely been on the influence of satisfaction on customer loyalty. However, while a positive association between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty is generally acknowledged, empirical evidence concerning the exact relationship between loyalty and satisfaction in services has remained unclear. This holds especially for services in which consumers are relatively highly involved, i.e., where the service delivery takes place over an extended period of time and active customer participation occurs. We propose that for high involvement services consumer patronage decisions may be affected by consumers’ emotional states experienced during the service delivery process. Therefore, in this paper, we examine the simultaneous effect of satisfaction and positive emotions in a number of service settings that differ in level of involvement. The results reveal that the relationship between satisfaction and loyalty with respect to extended services is moderated by positive emotions in the case of high involvement service settings. In contrast this type of interaction does not play a role of significance in determining customer loyalty with services that can be classified as low involvement services. (Bloemer & De Ruyter, 1999)
- AB4: The researcher utilized block-entry regression analysis to determine the impacts of teacher characteristics, school characteristics, organizational characteristics, and teacher efficacy on retention in teaching from 782 teacher surveys. Findings indicated that 83.50% of participants planned to teach until retirement. Wald statistics indicated that years teaching experience, socioeconomic status (SES), salary and workload, parent and student, and technology all made statistically significant contributions to the model. Contrary to existing literature, the findings indicated that teachers in the lowest SES schools were more likely to continue teaching until retirement than teachers in the highest SES schools. The data seemed to indicate that schools in this study interested in increasing teacher retention rates should consider increasing salaries, reducing their workloads, and strive to improve parent and student participation and cooperation levels. (Hughes, 2012)
- AB5: This study has devoted much effort to developing an integrated model designed to predict and explain an individual’s continued use of online services based on the concepts of the expectation disconfirmation model and the theory of planned behavior. Empirical data was collected from a field survey of Cyber University System (CUS) users to verify the fit of the hypothetical model. The measurement model indicates the theoretical constructs have adequate reliability and validity while the structured equation model is illustrated as having a high model fit for empirical data. Study’s findings show that a customer’s behavioral intention towards e-service continuance is mainly determined by customer satisfaction and additionally affected by perceived usefulness and subjective norm. Generally speaking, the integrated model can fully reflect the spirit of the expectation disconfirmation model and take advantage of planned behavior theory. After consideration of the impact of systemic features, personal characteristics, and social influence on customer behavior, the integrated model had a better explanatory advantage than other EDM-based models proposed in prior research.(Liao et al., 2007)
Anh/chị hãy cho biết:
5.1 Nghiên cứu trên sử dụng dữ liệu nào:
- Dữ liệu sơ cấp (primary data)
- Dữ liệu thứ cấp (secondary data)
5.2 Nghiên cứu trên thuộc loại nào trong mỗi nhóm sau, hãy lựa chọn và giải thích (không bắt buộc):
- Basic hay Applied?
- Quantitative (định lượng) hay Qualitative (định tính)?
- Exploratory hay Conclusive?
- Deductive hay Inductive?
- Descriptive hay Inferential?
- Conceptual hay Empirical?